22.07.2025

history of medicine

Richard Fronschtein: unknown facts of biography. Student years (1900–1907)

Наталия Шок03 mins

Iuliia V. Kuzmina, Nataliya P. Shok.
This article is dedicated to the study of the professional biography of R.M. Fronsсhtein (1882–1949), who entered medical history as the founder of the Russian school of urology. In their comprehensive work on creating a historically reliable picture of the establishment and development of the clinical and fundamental specialties in the history of Russian medicine, the authors, using a historical-biographical method, have made an attempt to reconstruct and analyze the circumstances related to R.M. Fronsсhtein’s studies at the Medical Department of Imperial Moscow University (1900–1907).

Read more

The history of medicine as an academic discipline: traditions in clinical medical education and modern teaching methods

Наталия Шок03 mins

Nataliya P. Shok, Mariya S. Sergeeva.
The authors examine current methodological issues, concerning the historical and contemporary significance of the history of medicine in the system of higher medical education and the development of doctors’ professional competency. The fact that courses on the history of medicine traditionally have had a dual nature in the framework of the educational process is demonstrated. At present, methodically it is part of a general theoretical block of fundamental disciplines, methodologically continuing to solve issues as a propaedeutic discipline, ensuring continuity not only between curriculum subjects in one specialization but also between different levels of medical higher education.

Read more

I.P. Pavlov: a scholar and authority

Наталия Шок03 mins

Nikita Yu. Pivovarov, Nataliya P. Shok.
Using an analysis of archival materials about academic I.P. Pavlov, the authors of the article propose that the historical and biographical information about this leading scientist can present a fuller picture not only of an individual specialization but of medical science in general. The relationship is examined between I.P. Pavlov and the leadership of the Soviet state, which had a particular infl uence on the development of Russian science in 1920–1930s.

Read more

On the history of the ban on abortion in the USSR: the views of the authorities and Soviet public opinion from the perspective of bioethics (1935–1936)

Наталия Шок03 mins

Nikita Yu. Pivovarov, Nataliya P. Shok.
This article looks at the debate in the USSR in 1935–1936 on banning abortions. This episode of Soviet history has enormous heuristic potential for researchers studying the Soviet period. At fi rst sight, the bill to ban abortions appears simply a matter of historical medical fact, based on which we can in many ways draw conclusions about the situation in healthcare in general, and in obstetrics and gynaecology in particular.

Read more

The business trips of the Soviet doctors to the PRC in the 1950s–1960s: implementation of cooperation plans in the field of medicine and healthcare.

Superboss04 mins

Olga S. Nagornykh, Nataliya P. Shok.
The article is devoted to the study of organization of the Soviet doctors and specialists’ business trips to China in the 1950s-1960s. The goal is to determine the tasks of trips, their features, and results. The work also demonstrates previously unknown facts in historiography, based on archival data, concerning the continuation of cooperation in the field of medicine after the rupture of diplomatic relations between the USSR and China.

Read more

The Cholera Epidemic in the Border Territories of the Far East in the Early 20th Century

Superboss03 mins

Nagornykh O. S., Shok N. P.
Modern History of Russia, vol. 14, no. 1, 2024, pp. 144–159.
As a rule, the epidemics that took place on the Russian territory in the first quarter of the 20th century were a part of the world epidemics that covered significant territories. Based on the materials of local newspa pers, the reaction of the population towards current events and government actions is traced. The abundance of information and the range of periodicals which enable to trace the dynamic development of epidemics, statistics of diseases and public opinion about current events and activities is highlighted.

Read more

The Evolution of the Concept “bioethics” in theDynamics of the Soviet and Chinese History ofMedicine

Наталия Шок02 mins

Olga Nagornykh, Natalia Shock
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18254/S207987840021761-6
The article analyzes the formation and development of the concept of bioethics in the historical
context of the Chinese and Soviet reality. The reasons for slow reception of bioethics in the Soviet
and Chinese medical communities are considered. Separately, the phenomenon of Confucian
bioethics is investigated in the context of its perception in the practice of medicine in China.

Read more

Pythagorean Legacy in Medicine

Наталия Шок02 mins

Nataliya Shok, Andrey Shcheglov.
DOI:  https://doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2019-13-1-307-314
Article focuses on the influence of Pythagorean teaching on medicine. This allows to examine the history of medicine as part of the philosophy and history of science. Among the philosophical ideas of the Pythagoreans significant to medicine was highlighted the ideas of opposites, mathematical proof and harmony.

Read more

The Pythagoreansʼ influence on medicine: a historical fact or problems of interpretation? Part 1

Наталия Шок03 mins

Dmitry A. Balalykin, Nataliya P. Shok
The article deals with the influence of Pythagoreans’ views on medicine. The authors clarify a point of view that has been developed in historiography, according to which during Antiquity there existed a medical school that was formed under the influence of Pythagorean philosophy.

Read more