Dmitrii A. Balalykin, Nataliay P. Shok, Andrei P. Scheglov
The article is devoted to the analysis of important historical and scientific problem – the development of rational medicine, and contribution to this development its most outstanding representative of Galen. The authors also introduced into scientific circulation work of Galen «De propriorum animi cuiuslibet affectuum dignotione et curatione» (The full name of the work in english-language historiography is «The diagnosis and cure of the soul’s passions», this part is named «On the passions and errors of the soul»). This work hasn’t been published previously in the Russian scientific literature. This article examines the natural philosophical views that formed the basis of anatomical and physiological system of Galen. The paper analyzes in detail the views of the most prominent scholars of ancient Greece – Plato and Aristotle in the context of their contribution to the development of natural sciences, in general, and medical knowledge, in particular.
